Wednesday, September 16, 2009

Sex-change operations

Definition

Sex-change operation - is surgical intervention, implying a change in the genitals of one sex to the opposite.

Objectives

To change the sexual organs may be two reasons:

* When a child had been born with congenital anomalies should immediately choose him the floor and operated on. Such anomalies are somewhere between male and female sexual organs, and their appearance is connected with violations of hormonal background.
* Some women and men realize that they are persons of the opposite sex. This introduces a discrepancy in their existence and may cause a desire to change sex.

Purely technically easier to turn a man into a woman, and not vice versa. Newborn babies with deformed genitals almost always turn into women. Exceptions are cases where the penis of the child longer than 2,5 cm Regardless of the chromosome, so people in the future easier to get used to the role of women, albeit fruitless.

Precautions

Sexual identity - the most important feature that defines individuality. The floor must be a child from birth, so it will be easier and himself, and his parents. The change of sex, perhaps the most significant change that can happen to a man. Change the floor should be with great caution. Adults reshivshiesya such a step, before many years did not live in "their skin". According to statistics, the average age of people voluntarily going to the sex-change operation - 29 years. And even at this age, people often do not fully represented, with what they will encounter.

Description

During a sex-change operations in men removed the penis to form in the genital vagina. It is created from the tissue of the penis and scrotum, or skin grafts from separate parts of the body and a fragment of the intestine. Before the operation to remove the testicles need long-term hormone replacement therapy to reduce the level of testosterone and its derivatives. Duration of hormone replacement therapy pre-determined individually on the results of hormonal tests (minimum - six months). After removing the testicles, stops the production of male sex hormone (except for small doses produced by the adrenal cortex), which makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount taken hormonal medications, and even completely abandon some of them. After surgery, the patient is taking female sex hormones (estrogen) to change the contours of the body and breast enlargement.

Operations to transform a woman into a man often less efficacious. Generate able to erection of a small section of tissue in the clitoris - a difficult task. Penis trying to create, not earlier than one year after the removal of female genitals. According to research, 1 / 3 of patients can not be solved at the new operation, although all are satisfied with the change of sex. In addition to the genitals, is removed and part of the mammary glands. This operation is almost always successful.

After surgery, patients retain the ability to experience orgasm, or at least "moderate erogenous sensitivity."

Preparation

Before and after surgery to monitor psychologist.

Rehabilitation

To adapt to the new state needed the support of the environment (especially family). Quality of life is deteriorating in the case when patients are older than 30 years of distinguished social or emotional instability before the operation or dissatisfied acquired as a result of the operation body proportions. Cases of the impact of operations on the ability to work is not marked.

Risks

Any surgical intervention associated with the risk of infection, bleeding or need for reoperation. Results reassignment surgery is irreversible, so the patient should have no doubts about its viability.

The most frequent complication of surgery to change sex from male to female - a narrowing of the new vagina.
Rx West Virginia

Sexual disorders - a common problem

In the U.S. study was conducted, which showed that sexual disorders faced four out of ten women and three out of ten men. The most common problem for women - is the lack of desire (22%), inability to inflame (14%) and painful sexual intercourse (7%). Men's problems - is premature ejaculation (21%), erectile dysfunction (5%) and lack of desire (5%).

Here are other interesting facts:

* With age, the number of sexual problems in women decreases, except for problems with vaginal dryness during menopause. Men, on the contrary, the number of sexual dysfunctions increases with age, especially problems associated with erectile dysfunction and lack of desire.
* Sexual disorders often occur in young girls, possibly due to lack of experience and permanent links (if a young woman living alone or not married).
* And in women, and men who are married, the risk of sexual disorders is substantially lower than the single.
* Men and women with lower levels of education believe that sexual experiences bring them less fun, and experiencing greater anxiety about sexual intercourse.
* Emotional problems, stress and financial difficulties have a negative impact on sexual life.
* Sexual trauma in the past, for example, rape or forced sexual relations, have long-term consequences not only for victims but also for the aggressor.
* Sexual problems may be related to dissatisfaction with past experiences, lack of physical and moral satisfaction and sense of joy in sexual relations.

Of course, everyone has its own characteristics, but the overall picture of sexual disorders rather alarming. The study authors conclude that "there is a direct relationship between sexual disorders and the deteriorating quality of life" and that "sexual disorders must recognize the serious public health problem.
Sexual disorders - a common problem

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In the U.S. study was conducted, which showed that sexual disorders faced four out of ten women and three out of ten men. The most common problem for women - is the lack of desire (22%), inability to inflame (14%) and painful sexual intercourse (7%). Men's problems - is premature ejaculation (21%), erectile dysfunction (5%) and lack of desire (5%).

Here are other interesting facts:

* With age, the number of sexual problems in women decreases, except for problems with vaginal dryness during menopause. Men, on the contrary, the number of sexual dysfunctions increases with age, especially problems associated with erectile dysfunction and lack of desire.
* Sexual disorders often occur in young girls, possibly due to lack of experience and permanent links (if a young woman living alone or not married).
* And in women, and men who are married, the risk of sexual disorders is substantially lower than the single.
* Men and women with lower levels of education believe that sexual experiences bring them less fun, and experiencing greater anxiety about sexual intercourse.
* Emotional problems, stress and financial difficulties have a negative impact on sexual life.
* Sexual trauma in the past, for example, rape or forced sexual relations, have long-term consequences not only for victims but also for the aggressor.
* Sexual problems may be related to dissatisfaction with past experiences, lack of physical and moral satisfaction and sense of joy in sexual relations.

Of course, everyone has its own characteristics, but the overall picture of sexual disorders rather alarming. The study authors conclude that "there is a direct relationship between sexual disorders and the deteriorating quality of life" and that "sexual disorders must recognize the serious public health problem.
Rx Maryland

Diseases, sexually transmitted diseases: a review

This group includes infectious diseases that are transmitted through sexual contact. In the U.S., STDs are approximately one person in five, with 25% of new cases recorded in adolescents. Among infectious diseases STDs are among the most common.

STDs affect people of all social strata. The risk of infection increases if a person comes into contact with multiple sexual partners. Many STD symptoms, especially among women, and in these cases the spread of the disease turns into a hidden epidemic. Diseases can be spread by anal, vaginal and oral sex.

Despite the prevalence of STDs, for some people, this topic remains taboo. Bitten STD, they feel shame and fall into depression. If you suspect that contracted STDs, be sure to visit the doctor. Most STDs can be cured, in other cases the course of the disease can be controlled. In the absence of medical treatment of STDs can lead to serious diseases, such as infertility, cancer or even death. Therefore, in the case of the disease as soon as possible to seek medical care or undergo regular examinations, if you are at risk. STDs in pregnant women can lead to spontaneous abortion, low birth-weight baby or a child with low birth weight, brain damage or STDs in the child.

In order to prevent STDs is necessary:

* Use a condom during sexual contact
* Refrain from casual relationships or contact with a sick partner
* To be faithful to one partner
* Before you enter into a sexual relationship, the partner does not know whether he / she has STD
* Use Gardasil - the first approved vaccine against the human papilloma virus. Vaccinate girls before sexual activity to prevent infection of genital warts.

Herpes

Herpes virus exists in two forms: herpes simplex and herpes. Herpes simplex usually affects the mucous membrane of the mouth and causes rashes during colds, but can also affect the genital and perianal region. This virus is transmitted by kissing. Herpes zoster virus is usually transmitted through sexual contact. Frequently, herpes symptoms, may sometimes appear blisters and sores on the skin of genital organs, but even in the quiet period may be infected. The disease is incurable, but the aggravation suppressed with medication. When the wound is opened, the likelihood of contracting more than in the period when the rash absent. The duration of exacerbations is approximately two weeks, they can occur at any time. To the extent that after the initial infection as the years pass, the exacerbation occur less frequently and almost completely stopped after 5-6 years.

During the birth mother can transmit the herpes virus child. In 30-60% of infected infants die within the first month of life. Surviving children may have mental retardation and epilepsy.

Chlamydia

Chlamydia - one of the most common infections, sexually transmitted infections. Most often it is diagnosed in young people and adolescents. Approximately 75% of men and women are unaware of their disease.

Chlamydia - the main cause of pelvic inflammatory disease leading to infertility and ectopic pregnancy. After a postponed chlamydial infection in the fallopian tubes may remain adhesions, rendering them impassable for a fertilized egg. In these cases, the embryo attaches and begins to develop outside the uterus. There is ectopic pregnancy, requiring emergency surgery.

Chlamydial infection can be cured with antibiotics. Chlamydia was found in 4 times more likely than gonorrhea and other bacterial STDs.

During the birth mother can transmit the disease to the child and the newborn will develop eye infection or pneumonia. Without treatment, the disease can lead to blindness. Chlamydia infection can also cause premature birth.

Human papillomavirus

Human papillomavirus (HPV) - a group of viruses (over 100 varieties), which cause genital warts, or warts. HPV is usually transmitted through sexual contact. According to some estimates, more than 25% of women in the United States are infected with HPV. According to experts, this virus - the cause of most cases of cervical cancer and cancer of the vulva and vagina. Currently, there is a vaccine against HPV (Gardasil), which is recommended for use in girls aged 11-12.

Depending on the type of HPV warts can appear on the feet, hands or other parts of the body, including in the genital area (genital warts). The symptoms are not all people infected with HPV, and approximately half of the cases. However, all carriers of HPV can transmit the infection to others. Female carriers of HPV should undergo regular gynecological examinations to detect precancerous changes of the cervix.

Papilloma virus is very contagious. In two thirds of cases in people who have had sexual contact with infected, symptoms appear within three months after exposure.

Syphilis

In the past, syphilis was considered a fatal disease, but now he can be treated effectively while identifying the early stages. The disease is transmitted during vaginal, anal or oral contact. In primary syphilis (first stage of infection) infection occurs through contact with a chancre on the genitals. Since syphilitic chancre is painless, sick may not know about their disease and do not seek medical help. However, in the absence of treatment of syphilis slowly destroys the central nervous system and internal organs, causing heart disease, dementia, blindness, paralysis and death. Syphilis also increases the risk of transmitting or acquiring HIV. Congenital syphilis can cause blindness, severe organ damage and death of the newborn.

Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea - A bacterial infection of the vagina, penis and anus. Symptoms are pain with urination and purulent discharge from the urethra. Gonorrhea can be asymptomatic. Reproduction gonococcus occurs on mucous membranes, including the reproductive tract, mouth and rectum. In women, gonorrhea can infect the cervix, causing inflammation. In one of the five cases, infection spreads to the uterus and appendages, causing pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility or ectopic pregnancy. Without treatment, gonorrhea increases the risk of HIV infection. Gonococcus can also enter the bloodstream and infect other organs, causing them to chronic inflammation (such as arthritis - inflammation of the joints). Can be transmitted from mother to child during birth, causing the newborn incurable eye injury.

AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes a disease called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV destroys the human immune system that leads to the development of fatal infections. Before the developed ways of treating HIV who become ill died within a year or two. Common, widespread bacteria and viruses are not dangerous for people with normally functioning immune system. But people infected with HIV, the same agent causes pneumonia and other serious illnesses because their immune system is not working properly. To date, HIV remains an incurable disease, but found ways to increase the lifespan of infected.

AIDS is the last stage of HIV. HIV is transmitted through sexual contact, intravenous administration of infected needles and from mother to child during birth. If the mother does not receive treatment, it occurs in approximately 20% of cases. The virus enters the body through the mucous membrane of the vagina, vulva, penis, rectum or mouth during sexual intercourse and through blood (through contact with infected needles).

Inflammatory diseases of pelvic

Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs - is the infection of female reproductive organs, such as the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and surrounding pelvic tissues. When chlamydial infection and gonorrhea is an inflammation of these organs are formed adhesions, which violate the patency of fallopian tubes, which leads to infertility, because the fertilized egg can not reach the uterus. This condition leads to an ectopic pregnancy when the fertilized egg begins to develop in the fallopian tube.

After carried inflammatory disease pelvic infertility develops in approximately 20% of cases. Most women with tube infertility do not feel any symptoms. Some patients develop a syndrome of chronic pelvic pain due to the development of adhesions and changes in the pelvic organs. For the treatment of this condition sometimes requires surgery.

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis causes isolation and fishy odor from the vagina in women. In men, the disease is usually asymptomatic, although occasionally can lead to infection of the urinary system. The microorganism is transmitted by vaginal sex. Although the disease does not lead to significant health problems, trichomoniasis may facilitate HIV transmission. Vaginal discharge, trapped on the skin, have a stimulating effect. Pregnancy with trichomoniasis dangerous birth of premature infants, and children with low birth weight.

Hepatitis

Hepatitis - an inflammatory disease of the liver caused by viruses may be, the use of drugs and excessive alcohol consumption. There are 5 forms of hepatitis: A, B, C, D and E. When sexual intercourse is most commonly spread hepatitis B, infection of other forms of hepatitis are much rarer.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B virus causes acute or chronic liver disease. At the highest concentration of virus present in the blood of the patient, as well as in low concentrations - in semen, vaginal secret and saliva. Hepatitis B can be transmitted from mother to child during birth. In adults, hepatitis B can be cured, but 10% of cases it becomes chronic. In severe cases it can lead to liver failure, liver cancer and death. According to American doctors, hepatitis B virus is 100 times more contagious than HIV.

Pubic Lice

Pubic lice - a pale-gray insects that look like tiny crabs. Redeployed almost exclusively through sexual contact, get them through a common toilet seat is impossible. The eggs of lice can be found at the base of the hair in the pubic area, armpits, eyelashes and eyebrows.
Rx New York

Safe sex at any age

The man who is divorced or widowed, must know about the dangers in his quest for a new partner. In younger lovers fear of unwanted pregnancy. Now the main threat to have sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV infection.

To infect only one unprotected sexual contact. You can pick up anything: herpes virus, genital warts (they are incurable), or HIV, which causes AIDS. Age does not protect from these diseases. Additional risk factors:

* Having more than one sexual partner
* Sex without a condom
* Casual sex
* The human body (women infected with STDs twice as likely as men)
* Weakened immune system.

"Older" means "wise"

Previously it was believed that sexual past - a private business person. Today, asking about it a must. After all, you can not on the eyes to determine your potential partner suffers STDs or not. Talking about the past helps to understand if he has a tendency to promiscuous.

Do not hesitate to ask your doctor about diseases, sexually transmitted infections and measures to prevent them. The doctor can not address this issue, if you do not lift it yourself. According to statistics, people of middle-aged and older know about STDs is less than the young.

Condoms - the best way to prevent STDs (not including sexual abstinence). Use them, even if you no longer need to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancy. Lesbians can be infected with sexually transmitted diseases through biological fluids partner, so that they too should take care of sexually transmitted diseases.

At any age, sex should be safe

Indulge in sexual satisfaction because of fear of infection! Just observe the precautions:

* Be cautious when choosing a partner, with whom he maintained a trust relationship.
* Discuss past sexual experience, even if you feel somewhat uneasy.
o Did your partner (partner), blood transfusion or injection syringe with a needle neodnorazovoy?
o Has your partner has unprotected sex? Does he (she) of past sexual behavior of their partners?
o Sat for whether your partner is a blood test for HIV infection? Have him (her) sexually transmitted diseases?
* If any (vaginal, oral, anal) sexual intercourse, use a condom. If you or your partner are allergic to latex, buy polyurethane condoms.
* Use water-based lubricants, as well as petroleum jelly and cream for children could reduce the protective properties of condoms.
* Avoid contact with body fluids partner through sexual contacts between women use a latex barrier or female condom.
* Do not use common sex toys. If you are still doing so, pre-wash them in hot water with soap.

In STDs do not have sexual relations until such time as you and your partner will not pass a full course of treatment. If the disease is incurable, consult with your doctor how best to protect his partner.
Rx Missouri